Immunology

Asthma and COPD

Asthma could also be a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. The chronic inflammation is said to airway hyper responsiveness that leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing, particularly in the dark or in early morning. These episodes are usually associated with widespread, but variable, airflow obstruction within lung that's often reversible either spontaneously or with the treatment. Asthma could also be a significant global unhealthiness with an estimated 300 million affected individuals. People of all ages are suffering from this illness that, when uncontrolled, can place severe limits on lifestyle and is usually fatal. Clinical manifestations of asthma are often controlled with appropriate treatment. COPD is one among the main causes of chronic morbidity and mortality worldwide. many of us suffer from this disease for years and die prematurely from its complications. COPD is that the fourth leading explanation for death within the planet, and further increases in its prevalence and mortality are often predicted within the approaching decades. COPD may be a pulmonary disease with some significant extra pulmonary effects which will contribute to the severity in individual patient. Its pulmonary component is characterized by airflow limitation that's not fully reversible. Cigarette smoking is that the most ordinarily encountered risk factor for COPD, although in many countries, pollution resulting from the burning of wood and other biomasses fuels has also been identified as a COPD risk factor.

• Airway inflammation
• Eosinophils
• T lymphocytes
• Chemokines
• Neutrophils
• Lipid mediators
• Pro inflammatory cytokines