Immunology

Diagnostic Immunology

Immunology is that the study of molecules, cells, and organs that structure the system. The function of the system is to acknowledge self-antigens from non-self-antigens and defend the body against non-self (foreign) agents. Through specific and non-specific defence mechanisms, the body’s system is during a position to react to microbial pathogens and protect against disease. If the inflammation remains aggravated, antibody-mediated immune reaction is activated and differing kinds of immune cells are engaged to resolve the disease. The system consists of cellular and humoral elements. to assist within the diagnosis of disease caused by infectious microorganisms, immunoassays are developed. Serum is then isolated and thus the concentration of antibodies is measured through various methods. Most assays believe the formation of giant immune complexes when an antibody binds to a specific antigen which can be detected in solution or in gels. Recent methods employ pure antibodies or antigens that are immobilized on a platform which are often measured using an indicator molecule. These methods provide high sensitivity and specificity and have become standard techniques in diagnostic immunology.

• Immunoglobulin-G
• Immunoglobulin-M
• Serology
• Precipitin
• Erythrocytes
• Agglutination